El Hierro

[jand]

Fifi

On the above post there is a map that shows the magma flowing under the island from South to North and it follows a ridge that looks already to be there.

Sorry I still dont know how to upload photos or maps.

[SurfJames]

That's an amazing photo jan......that couldron is 20 metres high!

I agree fifi, the authorities are being rather slow in responding here. It has been sugested (by amateur volcanoists) that the next phase will be like surtsey....if this is the case, it will be a dangerous situation.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42H2znxGyhg

and does this look familiar?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CsKTzBZNjtE&feature=related

[fifi]

I love those videos Surfjames. I am a huge fan of Rooster tails and am hoping to see some[] Here you are jand.[]







El Hierro
The volcano in five steps



The Earth speaks. Every day. It is alive and moving. More volcanic islands like the Canaries. The heart of the archipelago is made of fire, viscous mantle materials in which the continents float up from time to time to the surface to remind humans how little they are against nature. But how is born and develops a volcano? The process is fascinating. (I totally agree)[]

1) The origin. The planet is composed of concentric layers of the core to the surface, as if it were an onion. The most superficial layer of the bark and that rely on the continents and oceans. The bark, split as a sort of puzzle in what are called tectonic plates, floats on the next layer, the mantle, where the magma, a sea of incandescent materials have the leading role in a rash. Magma, among other things to cool the planet, look to the surface. In his rise is encapsulated in the magma chambers, where pressure builds until it has to go.

2) The ascent. When the pressure is sufficient, the magma ascent seeks a way by what is called the chimney, a vertical pipe through which it rises. At this time, seismographs and earthquakes do not capture preceding the eruption, but the tremors, movements associated with the magma, which are the announcement of the departure of the materials. The volcanologist Juan Carlos Carracedo CSIC puts a very good example of what are the famous tremors. "It's like when you put your ear in a pipe through which water rises." The magma can find other ducts, other cracks whose impact will be on the slopes of the volcano in the form of small cones.

3) Gases. The eruptions produce mainly three types of products that come out through the mouth or crater. The first that come to the surface are the gaseous emissions, ie magma volatile phase escaping into the atmosphere or the sea if the eruption is underwater. These emissions consist mainly of H2O, CO2 and other gases, including sulfur gases that are responsible, in the case of El Hierro, the greenish color that it has acquired the taint of the Calm Sea. The sulfur smell alerted many residents of La Palma by the eruption of Teneguía, and is making the last hours of the volcano is brewing on the island of Meridian.

4) The lava. At the time of departure, all types of volcanoes behave similarly, by simply changing the viscosity of materials and gases that accompany them. But is not the case if the eruption is underwater if it occurs in soil, which is called a subaerial eruption. In the case of El Hierro, may be given the two scenarios, since the rift that has led to the magma in the sea, is heading toward land. Of course, everyone agrees that when the magma comes out, is no longer called magma, but lava. In a submarine eruption, as he had explained this newspaper is very important that the depth to develop. A thousand feet, cushioning pressure tends to lavas, which are like a string of sausages Teror stone, absolutely harmless. A hundred yards, the combination of water and lava causing a loud explosion. In the case of an eruption on land, lava cascade down the mountainside, but with differences depending on the composition of materials. In the Canaries, the landscape is drawn by the lava flows that have left their mark as tongue stones that resemble the geological past of the islands. Volcanism in the Archipelago is quiet, almost tourist, as the example of Teneguía, La Palma, 1971. That's because the composition of its lavas. The more fluid are the buildings that are gently sloping and are nothing explosive. The more viscous are highly explosive, because they accumulate as a bottle cap until the pressure makes them blow up. The case canary is an intermediate example, is called strombolian volcanism. The lava sliding down the slopes at a slow pace and do not take much extension as with the more fluid lava, the volcano in Hawaii, for example.

5) The pyroclastics. Are caused by air screening of molten lava fragments of different sizes, thrown with explosive-stage ballistic trajectories. In case of an underwater volcano, the pyroclastics are given which generates one hundred feet deep, once built the building and is ten feet below the surface. At that time, these stone projectiles launched with different sizes. Pyroclastic materials are abundant in the Canary strombolian eruptions. They have different names depending on their sizes. In order from least to lower the ashes (2 mm), lapilli or lapilli (2 to 64 mm) and pumps or Stony waste matter separated from metals during the smelting or refining of ore (over 64 mm).
Finally, if the volcano is visible from El Hierro will be a unique opportunity to enjoy a free geology class. (La Provincia article translated by Google)

[fifi]

El Hierro
The explosive line of 100 meters (La Provincia article translated by Google)



The magma of the volcano of El Hierro, walks down a sort of dam to the coast of La Restinga. At least, was well until the close of this edition. Seismographs noted the progress and the authorities decided it was time to safeguard the population against a possible volcanic event closest to the data expected on Monday. But what could happen? How could this rash? The scenario makes different assumptions into sight. The key is the depth at which it occurs. If it's 100 meters: explosion.

"Every second, every minute, every hour on the planet are producing underwater eruptions. In fact, the Atlantic Ridge, which is a submerged mountain range thousands of miles in length, material sheds constantly," says the professor of Geology the ULPGC Francisco Pérez Torrado.

Until last Monday, the risk was shifted to seven miles of the coastline south of the island. The tremors, which are associated with magma earthquakes, indicated that the eruption was in progress. Eruptive materials had already found a way out after winding through the island, including submerged, for months. Until then, the underwater volcano was very difficult to pinpoint, since it was over 1,000 meters deep. "For a submarine volcano seen from the surface has to be around 100 meters deep," adds the scientist.

The first submarine volcano south of La Restinga was located about 1,200 meters depth, which makes it absolutely imperceptible and, of course, harmless to people. Pérez Torrado said that "the hydrostatic pressure exerted by a column of water more than a kilometer in length and possible bubbles absorbs heat that can issue the volcano."

At that depth there is a spectacular phenomenon, the so-called pillow lavas. "As the magma comes into contact with water, high pressure causes acquired a rounded shape," describes the expert.

But activity is shifting, according to recent reports, and that can change the picture. The research team spent two years Pérez Torrado volcanism analyzing what is called the building of El Hierro, which includes the emerged and submerged. Thus, measured bathymetry, which is nothing else than the study of the depths of the Island seven miles of shoreline, the depth is over 1,000 meters. But is lower the closer to shore. The question now would be to know where is that second mouth. "If the authorities have decided to evacuate the population  they have evidence that the magma is near," says Pérez Torrado.

If the eruption occurred submarine 100 meters depth, ie, 300 meters from the coastline, "would be explosive," he adds the expert. It's pure physics. "If you take a glass of water on a quart of boiling oil vapor expelled only. If you take 100 liters, the oil cools. But if they are three liters of water on a quart of boiling oil, form a kind of shot that come tripped. This is what happens in a submarine eruption at this depth. The magma explodes a hundred yards, then build the building, which can be done in a matter of days, and when only five or ten feet emerge, forming a pyroclastic column, which are those pellets are expelled violently stone, "explains Pérez Torrado.

Of course, once the volcano rises to the surface of the sea, the rash becomes smoother. "It's been hydromagmatic phase and composition of materials makes the volcanic island is quiet, as was the Teneguía" says the professor, who wants to make clear that "there is a new island in the archipelago, because The building belongs to El Hierro. " 100 meters. That is the question.

[jand]

Thanks for the links Surjames.

They look  exactly the same as what happened last night in El Hierro and what has happened in teh ocean over the last week.

The colours of the sea and the stains are identical.

[jand]

Fifi

Thanks for updating the maps and photos (I have tried but still cant).

There is another map which shows the magma in the rift splitting the island in half and this could be very dangerous IF the eruption happens in the rift between the island.

[fifi]

.



The volcano hidden beneath El Hierro seeks a way out and the amount of material that lies under the earth is twenty times greater than what was forecast. Still, the Pevolca insists that there is no danger for the population



A cubic kilometer of magma causes an increase in the intensity of earthquakes



Pedro Guerra (Special Envoy) A cubic kilometer of magma pushes hard on El Hierro. The volcano lies beneath the island and check for the amount of material that may exist under the earth's crust has been recalculated after the new strain data and provides a figure 20 times higher than it was believed that there was at first. The result is a considerable amount more than magmatic material that winds in search of an ascent to the surface, which could also be more than one area at a time and has generated in recent days, a significant increase in the magnitude of the earthquakes, which keeps the El Hierro population on edge with several significant shocks per day.

The direction of Pevolca, after deciding to evacuate the village of La Restinga late at night, reported yesterday that no risk to the population in these moments with seismographs are indications that, despite the tremor signal is kept completely crazy all day and is  expected to remain that way over the next few days, not inconsiderable earthquakes could reach a magnitude of 4.5 or 4.6 degrees on the Richter scale (the maximum so far has been 4 , 4). This was what forced the government to close indefinitely Roquille tunnels, linking with Border Valverde, along with several roads in the island and the eviction, on the morning of Friday, 31 members of 11 families from the Gulf, at the risk of landslides caused by earthquakes.

The amount of magma  believed to be under El Hierro is enough to make the rash  extend  for over a year, sources said yesterday the group of researchers who work 24 hours in the control of the seismic event El Hierro But that does not mean it can not be finished in days or weeks if the material is not output. If the estimates obtained at the beginning of the crisis  magma of about 50 million cubic meters, more than the 1971 Teneguía volcano in La Palma expelled, which was 40 million, is now believed that El Hierro may have enough magmatic material to generate a rash similar to that of Timanfaya in Lanzarote, which lasted for six years (between 1730 and 1736), but is believed to have several phases of rest during that time .

Calculations scientists now manage, from the deformation of the island and other parameters obtained in recent days, provide a bag that may contain magmatic billion cubic meters of magma, ie, a cubic kilometer, an amount 20 times higher than initially thought. What  has been clear since the beginning of the seismic crisis is that El Hierro   magma lies low enough to trigger an eruption far superior to that of Teneguía in La Palma.

Two scenarios
Currently living in El Hierro at least two different eruptive episodes that do not necessarily have to be connected, although that possibility exists. In the south, at La Restinga, there is an open fissure at least three eruptive mouths about two hundred feet deep in the sea of calm, which over the last two days have thrown great amount of magmatic material and generated intense bubbling surface to the point that late last night caused at least two explosions fired magmatic material (ash and lava) above sea level. One of them, according to scientists themselves, could exceed 20 metres

In the north, Frontier, high intensity earthquakes that shake the population indicate a charge of energy that provides power to the magma in their search for way out. At first, though not in the short term, it could produce another eruption in the north, also in the sea, although it is possible that approaches to land if land is weaker.

Precisely the weakness of the island of El Hierro, the youngest of all the Canary Islands, does not completely rule out a third eruptive stage and in the middle of the other two to land anywhere on the island of Meridian.

The situation remains at El Hierro on yellow alert throughout the island except in La Restinga, where the ongoing eruption puts the area on red alert. Yesterday, after the earthquake of 4.4 Richter degrees Friday night, there were two strong earthquakes in Frontera, one 3.5 on the Richter scale and a 3.9, both between nine and ten o'clock. No activity ceases, the magma is still looking for a way out, come the first explosions ... The volcano of El Hierro, more active than ever. (Not a great translation)La Provincia

[fifi]

The Cabildo are being pressurised into putting a webcam near the eruption area on Twitter. They replied saying that they have contacted Telephonica about doing so. I hope they get it sorted soon.[]


The latest Government video release http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-UbQBhRBJ8A&feature=youtu.be

The latest Government photo (Pity the helicopter can only go out when the eruption subsides)[]

[kevin2003]

[jand]

Recent Comments from jonfr.com/volcano

Ursula says:

 November 6, 2011 at 16:16


Also, AVCAN commentors again feel ground vibrating in Mocanal and also Echedo (which is to the north of Frontera, towards Valverde).

Some people have tried to go take photos of jacuzzis, but they say they don't come out good on pictures, since they are too far away. However, the air stinks so much that they could not stand it.

And people seem to be getting really upset, there are all these arguments about politicians, scientists, not obeying the evacuation measures, etc. etc. to the point that some people were banned from AVCAN fb page...

Reply


Ursula says:

 November 6, 2011 at 16:29


Now also reporting vibrations in Guarazoca – again in the NE part, on the top of the escarpment. Strange that vibrations are now reported from the NE part, between Valverde and the escarpment, but hten on the other hand perhaps the whole island is trembling (tremor increasing on the graphs) and noone from other parts is online at Avcan fb and reporting...

Reply


Anton says:

 November 6, 2011 at 16:59


some serious shaking and it's apparently increasing all the time now. Alse see the latest bulletin on earthquakereport.

Reply



Inge B. says:

 November 6, 2011 at 17:16


What I can't understand, is why they don't go in with big ships and helicopters and get the whole population of this island out of there. This is an unbearable situation.

Reply




Mafl says:

 November 6, 2011 at 16:58


They closed the page for the finding of a name for the new Volcano. I couldn't go to this site, so I don't know, what some people wrote there...

Reply





luisport says:

 November 6, 2011 at 16:54


Magnitude ML 3.4
 Region CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN REGION
 Date time 2011-11-06 16:30:31.3 UTC
 Location 27.77 N ; 18.04 W
 Depth 19 km
 Distances 186 km SW San cristóbal de la laguna (pop 139,928 ; local time 16:30:31.3 2011-11-06)
 99 km S Los llanos de aridane (pop 19,635 ; local time 16:30:31.3 2011-11-06)
 80 km SW Valle gran rey (pop 4,983 ; local time 16:30:31.3 2011-11-06)

Reply



Mafl says:

 November 6, 2011 at 17:08


UPDATE 06/11 – 16:18 UTC:
 That's probably the reason why Bob was not seen today:

UPDATE 06/11 – 16:18 UTC:
 Conversation between Armand (ER) and Raymond Matabosch

"And now almost all action stopped in the jacuzzi. I think that a partial collapse of the top eruptive vent has occurred. A few hours of subsiding activity and it will be followed by a more beautiful eruption after the eruptive vent will build up the collapsed height again."

http://earthquake-report.com/2011/09/25/el-hierro-canary-islands-spain-volcanic-risk-alert-increased-to-yellow/

Reply


Inge B. says:

 November 6, 2011 at 17:23


He didn't actually say "a more beautiful eruption", but that the eruption would be more forceful when it began again ("ça repartira de plus belle", "de plus belle" = "with renewed vigour", http://www.wordreference.com/fren/belle).

Sth. slightly different.

Reply

[jand]

Update 06/11 – 17:38 UTC :
 Raymond reports that the eruptive vent in the Las Calmas Sea is intensifying again. As it is getting dark in El Hierro, we will have to fall back on graphs and numbers from now on.  We are not surprised about the stronger activity in the sea as harmonic tremor graphs did indicate from the early afternoon on that activity was on the rise

[woe10]

WHY DON´T FIFI AND JAND JUST EMAIL EACH OTHER IF THEY´RE SO INTERESTED.
IF THE ISLAND BLOWS I THINK WE´LL KNOW ABOUT IT
THEY´RE DOING EVERYBODY´S HEADS IN.

[Deso]

Don't read it then!!  [:p]

[fifi]

[][][] Oh now let me see....who started a thread on this subject?[][][]

http://www.fuerteventura-forum.com/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=30289&SearchTerms=el,hierro  Yes you guessed it....it was Woe10

If you are not interested any more Woe. No need to read it. It is only one thread. I dont bother reading your threads because they dont interest me usually. Surely you can do the same.[]

[jand]

Well we must be doing over 15100 heads in then!!!!

[TripleH]

You certainly are Jand

[fifi]

"You can please some of the people some of the time, all of the people some of the time, some of the people all of the time, but you can never please all of the people all of the time."[]

[jand]

Triple H same as Woe if you are not interested then dont bother to read this thread!!!!

[jand]

Update 06/11 – 20:06 UTC :

www.earthquake-report.com

Understanding the current and next phase of the eruption.
 Earthquake-report.com received a note from Patrick Allard,  Directeur de recherche CNRS, Paris, on the current and expected El Hierro events, and is happy to share it with our readers.


According to today's last observations, I agree with Raymomd that the eruption is in a transition phase between purely submarine and Surtseyan-type subaerial, and that the relative calm in the afternoon could have simply resulted from partial removal (collapse?) of the upper part of the new volcanic cone.
 From my experience, a clear change towards subaerial activity will be associated with a change in gas composition, that will be manifested in the gas smell: instead of 'rotten egg' (i.e. H2S emission), Raymond and local people will start smelling SO2 emission (i.e. sulfur from striking matchstick).
 Sulfur dioxide is charactersitic of high temperature magmatic gases, whereas H2S is more typical of lower temperature hydrothermal gases or residual magmatic gases that have previously reacted with liquid water.
 The main gas precursor released during such a deep seismogenic phase of a basaltic eruption is carbon dioxide, the earliest exsolving magmatic volatile. Huge amounts of magma-derived CO2 shoud currently being released from the eruptive vents and through sea water, generating the jacuzzi and the billions of gas bubbles bursting at the sea surface. Therefore, measuring/monitoring both the chemical composition and the mass output of emitted volcanic gases should become an important priority during next days and weeks.

[jand]

Newby says:

 November 6, 2011 at 20:18


the following posted on twitter :-
 INVOLCAN confirma incremento en la emisión de CO2 en #ElHierro.1218+-46 toneladas diarias. 3,5 veces + que promedio normal.

Giggle translate:-
 Increase in non-tip confirms CO2 emissions # ElHierro.1218 + -46 tons per day. + 3.5 times that average.

Reply



Una Canaria says:

 November 6, 2011 at 20:22


Ashes have been found at Sabinosa´s coast.

Reply


Una Canaria says:

 November 6, 2011 at 20:24


Increase of CO2 in Sabinosa.

Reply



Una Canaria says:

 November 6, 2011 at 20:25


The ashes have been taken for analysis.



M. Randolph Kruger says:

 November 6, 2011 at 20:28


And if its recycled crust... it has hydrocarbons in it that could turn explosive in the face of higher oxygen levels as it rises. I fully believe now that we are going to see some unfortunate events as the magma rises onto land.

Reply



sólo sé que no sé nada says:

 November 6, 2011 at 20:39


INVOLCAN confirms a further increase in carbon dioxide emissions in el Hierro

1218 tons/day

[jand]

CRISIS SPECIAL SEISMIC – 11/06/2011 (20:52 pm)
 PEVOLCA confirms a further increase in carbon dioxide emissions in El Hierro
 The diffuse emission of CO2 is one of the parameters of a volcanic eruption precursors but has to be assessed jointly with others, such as deformation and seismicity depth
 DIARIOELHIERRO.ES, writing (11.06.2011. 20:52 pm)
 The volcanological Institute of the Canaries (PEVOLCA) confirmed the direction of the Civil Protection Plan for Volcanic Risk (Pevolca) a further increase in the diffuse emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere by the volcano island of El Hierro. The measured emission rate has reached 1218 ± 46 tons per day, the highest value observed since the beginning of magmatic reactivation being recorded in El Hierro, Canary Islands to the Government.
 Since last July 21, 2011 PEVOLCA 7250 has materialized over diffuse flux measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2) through numerous scientific investigations carried out throughout the building subaerial volcanic island of El Hierro (278 km2), and in which they have collaborated and collaborate a significant group of volunteers based in the Canary Islands. The scientific purpose of these campaigns is to contribute to the improvement and optimization of monitoring volcanic gases as are the driving force of volcanic eruptions.
 The registration of the diffuse emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) by the volcano island of El Hierro from July 21 to date ranges from 331 to 1218 ± 16 ± 46 tonnes per day.
 Following the work of diffuse emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) made by the group El Hierro volcanological ITER since 1997, now within PEVOLCA, has been established that the average value of the diffuse emission dioxide (CO2) by the volcano island of El Hierro is 345 tons per day.
 On October 6, 2011 and prior to the submarine eruption occurred southwest of La Restinga diffuse emission rate of carbon dioxide (CO2) reached 990 ± 49 tons per day, an emission rate 2.8 times higher than average normal. Recent results show that the emission rate is about 3.5 times the normal average.
 The Directorate of Civil Protection Special Plan and Emergency Response for Volcanic Risk in the Canary Islands (Pevolca) points out that the diffuse emission of CO2 is one of the parameters of a volcanic eruption precursors but has to be assessed in conjunction with other such as deformation, and seismicity depth. It should be remembered that we are immersed in an eruptive process underway in the south of the island, which generates greenhouse gas emissions in the Earth's surface.
 The management also strongly encourage people across the island to focus their attention on the messages offered by the competent authorities which assists the Scientific Committee. Public authorities have the devices and means to cope with a change in the current situation with the media, at the right time, precise instructions for the population.

[jand]

Update 06/11 – 21:34 UTC :
 Raymond is still at his (safe) viewpoint position and says that he is smelling a faint sulfurous odor. He isn't seeing the Jacuzzi in the dark, but he hopes to see the red glow of the magma later at night as he sees that the harmonic tremor is still saturated and as the earthquake activity has increased again.
 - At 18:25 UTC a powerful  3.9 magnitude quake struck the El Golfo bay followed by a 3.1 13 minutes later.

[TripleH]

quote:Originally posted by jand

Triple H same as Woe if you are not interested then dont bother to read this thread!!!!

Sorry, I will read this thread, as I did in Fuerte at the begining of October when your scaremongering, as it was then, put a bit of a damper on my holiday.

[fifi]

To be fair to jand TripleH, she is living on the Island. You "had a bit of a damper on your holiday" for just a couple of weeks. Jand is genuinely worried and living there and trying to keep abreast of what is happening. There is a difference.

 I made the decision to leave the Island two weeks early in October because I could not take a chance of being stuck if there was an ash cloud like what happened in April when I was over. I had to know that I could get home at the drop of a hat because a member of my family was terminally ill. I was glad to be able to read updates and book an extra flight before the eruption started and was happy to get home.

This subject is being covered in all of the Spanish papers and also all over the world. You can read what is happening BEFORE it goes to press by reading the reports on the Forum because a lot of the information comes from tweets and photos being offered to the press from the Government and various agencies.

[kevin2003]

quote:Originally posted by fifi

To be fair to jand TripleH, she is living on the Island.

Is she hot,single and on Facebook? []

[kevin2003]

quote:Originally posted by fifi

[fifi]

I dont think so.[] The increase in the gasses suggest otherwise.[]

[kevin2003]

[fifi]

Guess they didnt know about the vinegar on a hankie trick back in those days.[][][]

[kevin2003]

Why have vinegar...when you can have perfume?

Doesn't really work with fish and chips though.[]