El Hierro

[jand]

Domínguez (IGN): "The upturn in seismicity and tremor may be indications of a rise in the activity of the volcano"
The seismologist from the National Geographic Institute indicates that a new lava intrusion is still being ruled out at a point other than the emission centers in the Cabeza de Vaca area
- The La Palma volcano is "quite" explosive again, as in October

The upturn in seismicity and tremor could be indications that the energy of the La Palma volcano, in its descending phase in recent days, could rise again, according to Itahiza Domínguez, a seismologist at the National Geographic Institute (IGN).

Speaking to Efe, Domínguez explains that intermediate seismicity, with a hypocenter between 10 and 15 kilometers, dropped notably four or five days ago, although the deep one remained.


The thing is to see if it is maintained or not. Many times it works in pulses of several hours. If it continues like this, we could reach maximum levels at the end of October," he warns.

As for the tremor signal, he points out that in the last hours it has been at values ​​of the beginning of November, "when it had given the first lows".

The deformation of the terrain remains unchanged.

What could this rebound in seismicity indicate?

Itahiza Domínguez indicates that it probably has to do with a feedback of the system with magma that comes from greater depth.

The earthquakes in intermediate depths, whose rebound is the novelty in these last hours, have a relationship with the flow of magma that comes from the island's crust and are related to the activity on the surface, explains the seismologist.

"We do not know if there will be important changes on the surface. It has not always been the case. There may be greater emission of picoclasts, lava or if it will end up affecting the cone, which is the greatest concern", since a new recomposition could change the direction of the coladas, wielded Domínguez.

It can also manifest itself with an increase in explosiveness and ash emission, as has been happening since Tuesday.

What is still being ruled out is a new lava intrusion at a point other than the emission centers in the Cabeza de Vaca area.

"In the end, all this has to do with the changing tonic of the eruption and the volcano may have a new pulse, although we would not reach the levels of other phases," Domínguez slides.

"Lately we have been saying that the energy goes down, but it could go up again," he concludes.

LABELS
La Palma Now
Posted on November 17, 2021 - 12:28 p.m.


https://www.eldiario.es/canariasahora/lapalmaahora/ign-senala-repunte-sismicidad-tremor-indicios-subida-actividad-volcan_1_8497990.html

[jand]

8/11/2021 18:00h Canary Islands. - ERUPTION OF LA PALMA ISLAND. - DAY 61- WATCHING THE ERUPTION GO BY AND WATCHING THIS LATEST REPLY FINISH. - The activity of the superficial reservoir is retracting and this overpressure from the top of the system 10 km from the last few hours is already relieving. In the seismic energies chart of the last 7 days you can see this report perfectly, as is in the time depth chart, where you can see the swarm at 10-12 km perfectly.

As I already said, signs are still being seen in the Gomera of whistles and noises produced by water entering the system, which has been noticed by last night's ash emissions. However, tonight the pressure has risen a little from the bottom, with some noticeable 4+ tremors with a small deep magma inlet that is visible in the sensors of LP03 and Mazo and therefore the eruption calms down, but it's clear that s surely retarded something on his final. However it won't be long and I keep the forecast between 4-11 days. The SO2 goes down to 2500 tons a day. We'll see what happens.

The active flow that goes down next to 9A has reached the tip of it and goes its way to the ocean, then I put some more. I have to go short today I'm going very messy then if I can put something else on. (Enrique)

https://scontent-lcy1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/258125459_1445531452511484_5424714442419553686_n.png?_nc_cat=104&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=730e14&_nc_ohc=u2DoKoU5TK8AX82h13c&_nc_ht=scontent-lcy1-1.xx&oh=f616be3dc04db49903c802cd4e488db2&oe=619B6B1D

https://scontent-lcy1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/257591810_1445531492511480_4838257112133862118_n.png?_nc_cat=102&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=730e14&_nc_ohc=GbnZ3fbJhZwAX9v1BhB&_nc_ht=scontent-lcy1-1.xx&oh=ab3531d0c44b1e01f01b5d8bd29ba163&oe=619B71C9

https://scontent-lcy1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/258316433_1445531695844793_3931042733100700528_n.jpg?_nc_cat=104&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=730e14&_nc_ohc=9aqUocvEj5sAX923xTs&_nc_ht=scontent-lcy1-1.xx&oh=a5745d5ee8d80d0f5a48d5fca5144e3c&oe=619BE90B

[jand]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZyP8ro7vAQs

[jand]

Part of the cone has collapsed.

https://twitter.com/RTVCes/status/1461435354729308164

[jand]

Rewind this to 20:37 incredible.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INvrtMg5tSQ

[jand]

https://www.facebook.com/sacanarias/posts/10222567924124659

[jand]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wVzXsdwHJ8Q

[jand]

Overflow in the eruption of #LaPalma
A lava lake has formed at the intermediate emitting point between the lower mouth of lava flows and the upper crater that always emits ash.
It has finally overflowed onto the one that casts streams to the west
Accelerated Video x2
@RTVCes

https://twitter.com/ita_dc/status/1461450159896813580

[jand]

Last night and early this morning was like the gates of hell had opened one live link I was watching showed the lava speeding like an express train and swallowing up and burning everything in its path.

On the link below if you keep rewinding you can see the lava flows .

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RockPO0pATI

There was a M5.1 and a M4.0 early this morning.

5.1 mbLg SW VILLA DE MAZO.ILP
2021/11/19 01:08:47IV
36

4.0 mbLg N FUENCALIENTE DE LA PALMA.ILP
2021/11/19 01:39:51III
3. 4

http://www.ign.es/web/resources/volcanologia/tproximos/canarias.html?fbclid=IwAR3GEqfr-AJg4p18QS_fWpPmSxss6-_xwEAQJjv-33JqoKCac_KxSOqQ0A8

[jand]

A magnitude 5 Earthquake is felt in La Palma, Tenerife, La Gomera and El Hierro
It was located 37 kilometers deep southwest of Villa de Mazo

EFE19 / 11/2021 · UPDATED 07:56

A magnitude 5 Earthquake was felt this morning on the island of La Palma, according to the National Geographic Institute (IGN), which has located it 37 kilometers deep southwest of Villa de Mazo.

The Earthquake, according to the IGN, took place at 1.08: 46, UTC time, with an intensity IV-V, and has been felt in La Palma and also with great intensity in areas of Tenerife, La Gomera and El Hierro, according to Neighbors of these islands write on social networks.

It is one of the largest earthquakes produced since the eruption of the Cumbre Vieja volcano began on September 19.

The IGN also reports on two other smaller earthquakes that occurred in the municipality of Fuencaliente, also on La Palma.

https://diariodeavisos.elespanol.com/2021/11/un-terremoto-de-magnitud-5-se-deja-sentir-en-la-palma-tenerife-la-gomera-y-el-hierro/

[jand]

Instituto Geográfico Nacional de España y CNIG

Continues eruptive activity on the island of #LaPalma (19-11-2021 10:00 UTC)

➡ Since the last announcement 39 earthquakes have been located in the southern area of the island of La Palma, in the vicinity of the ongoing volcanic eruption. Three of these earthquakes have been felt by the population.
➡ The number of earthquakes has decreased over the previous two days and most of the seismicity is located at depths above 30 km.
➡ At 01:08 UTC today, a 5.1 mbLg magnitude Earthquake was recorded at 36 km deep and felt by the population with maximum intensity of IV (EMS), it is the highest magnitude Earthquake since the series began on September 11.
➡ The tremor signal continues at a low level with slight fluctuations in the last few hours.
➡ The network of GNSS permanent stations of the island shows an elevation of about 4 cm along with deformation southwest at LP03, which is the closest to eruptive centers. In the rest of the seasons, slight deflation possibly related to deep seismicity has been stabilized.
➡ In view of the calibrated image at 08:45 UTC, an estimated column height of 3500 masl, and a cloud of ash in the east-southwest direction. The height of the cone is measured getting a value of 1,128 m. above sea level.
The IGN continues its presence on the island, where the CAVE has been established, maintaining, densifying and improving the surveillance network.
🧐 More information: https://bit.ly/3CvxDQv
#IGNSpain #Terremotos #SerieSismica #Canarias #ErupcionLaPalma #volcandelapalma #VigilanciaVolcánica

[jand]

https://lm.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eltime.es%2Fisla-bonita%2F36555-nuevos-aportes-de-magma-a-gran-profundidad-desconciertan-a-los-cientificos.html%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR052rjsdO6h9TW2Zv3guC_T2IY-aALvYoOvKrTm_1eBD3VCkCa3aWZvWgk&h=AT3ewYWmCH2lNzY2liBb4-ea9lPDcXBPxil7s6bOKhgfTIUseIM9LkFW_FX0eUw6iRrg3jscrMux6ZuT1a-DUliJhjpRL4LwNUEFnG1b4GGpAZyMXXo9cYDgkRs2QFLQFNfTjgxLompU_hJpNQHox-XT6zjms4xjPE9Oa92K

[jand]

New depths of magma puzzling scientists

The National Geographic Institute (IGN) has confirmed the presence of new magma contributions from high depths of the eruptive system to the intermediate reservoirs from which the La Palma volcano feeds. This increase in the volume of magma puzzles the scientific community, amid what appeared to be a decline in activity.

The appearance of more magma could suppose the prolongation in time of the volcanic activity and, therefore, a greater probability that the lava emissions overflow old flows and generate new damages.

It would be the worst of the scenarios that scientists have studied in recent hours after the highest peak of earthquakes occurred since the eruption began. They are divided between different opinions but they coincide in indicating that the volcano has "revived" after several days of certain stability and a downward trend in the data being monitored.

Those scenarios speak of various possibilities. According to Itahiza Domínguez, IGN seismologist, in the best of scenarios "we could be faced with a compensation of magmatic material in the reservoirs, or with the direct contribution of magma to the surface, as it seems to be". Not surprisingly, last night the lava flows intensified, even with a considerable overflow in the cone.
What we believe is that magma has accumulated for years at that depth of more than 30 kilometers, what we do not know is how much contribution there is at that depth and if there is another connection below that takes magma to that level," Domínguez clarified .

The appearance of days ago of the possible "depleting reservoirs" was just that, a theory or conjecture that has been dismantled by this new behavior of the volcano. Indeed, IGN has already pointed out that "these processes can seem like one thing and change suddenly".

Itahiza Domínguez is clear that, although there is a probable negative scenario that there is much more magma in the depths than previously thought and this could last much longer in time, "the most explosive moment of the volcano has already passed, with magma shallower with more gases and little evolved. The eruptive event will not go beyond a strambolic event, "no matter how long it lasts.

The best parameter to measure this duration is sulfur dioxide (SO2), which despite the large current magma contribution has dropped considerably according to satellite measurements.

The SO2 depends on the amount of magma and the degassing that all this material generates. That is why it is important to check the behavior of this parameter in the coming days, to measure the presence of more magma in the system.

https://www.eltime.es/images02/volcanes/D%C3%ADa62/niebla_en_las_coladas.jpg

[jand]

The lava advances at about 20 meters per hour over agricultural areas and homes
This new lava flow has intensified from 8:00 p.m. on Thursday

NOTICES DIARY11/19/2021 · UPDATED 15:29


The width of the stream of the Cumbre Vieja volcano is 1,250 meters in some sections and the fajana exceeds 32.7 hectares of surface. GIVES
The width of the Cumbre Vieja volcano stream is 1,250 meters in some sections. GIVES
The lava from the La Palma volcano has resumed its advance on agricultural areas and homes on Friday, although it moves slowly, at about 20 meters per hour, and it is likely that in the last hours it has slowed down even more.

This new lava flow has intensified from 8:00 p.m. on Thursday, when there was an overflow of the lava lake with very fluid material that advances on three fronts, but especially between flows four and seven, in the north sector. from the affected area, according to the scientific and technical spokespersons of the Canary Islands Volcanic Emergency Plan (Pevolca), Carmen López and Rubén Fernández.


The other two areas where there is a contribution of lava are the sides of stream 4 and in the lava delta.

The latest measurements indicate that the lava occupies 1,048 hectares, seven more than the day before, and the lava delta has advanced 43 hectares over the sea.


https://diariodeavisos.elespanol.com/2021/11/la-lava-avanza-a-unos-20-metros-por-hora-sobre-zonas-agricolas-y-viviendas/?utm_source=webpushr&utm_medium=push&utm_campaign=589509

[jand]

Pulso de actividad freatomagmática en la erupción a las 15.00 hora canaria / Pulse of phreatomagmatic activity in the eruption at 3:00 pm Canarian time


https://twitter.com/i/status/1461714837986230277

[jand]

Actividad efusiva a las 15.30 desde Tacande. Se registran explosiones continuadas / Effusive activity at 15.30 from Tacande. Continued explosions are recorded


https://twitter.com/i/status/1461722664272285705

[jand]

The eruption has shifted most of the visible activity to the area close to the vents again. Like yesterday, there were continuous low lava fountains with dense ash emissions, producing a plume reaching over 3,000 m altitude, as well as a new significant lava overflow from the vents. The ash and steam plume reached more than 3,000 m height today.
It seems that sections of the northern crater wall in the cone collapsed, allowing contained lava to surge out in a short flood, or that generally, more lava is arriving at the rims and able to overflow them. As in the previous cases this happened during the past weeks, a new voluminous lava flow traveled downhill from the cone and invaded new areas, destroying more buildings in its path.

It is not known or easy to say what exactly causes such lava surges. It could be the result of a temporary increase in magma supply or actually also be caused by a decrease of the amount of lava going into the tube system, possibly caused by some obstacles or blockages, forcing some of it to erupt onto the surface at the vent is unknown. Volcanic tremor remains similar as yesterday, but inflation has again increased a bit and totals around 9 cm compared to pre-eruption levels at the station closest to the eruption, which suggests that new magma has been accumulating beneath the surface (and yet has to come out).
Aarly this morning, a magnitude 5.1 quake at 1.08 a.m. woke up the island. Otherwise, the numbers of quakes has remained relatively low, with 10 quakes in total of magnitudes ranging from 3.0-4.0 (not considering 32 smaller quakes of magnitudes between 2.0-2.9).

Sulfur dioxide emissions increased to high values of around 24,000 tons per day. Along with the continued inflation and perhaps the occurrence of strong quakes in the magnitude 4-5 range might indicate that more magma is able to erupt in the near future.
It was reported that the roof of a sports hall collapsed yesterday under the load of ash, which had been increased by the recent rainfall.


https://volcanodiscovery.de/uploads/pics/tremor19nov21PA_SIS_rsam_CENR_us.jpg

https://volcanodiscovery.de/uploads/pics/deformationPA_GPS_LP03_90d.png

https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/lapalma/sep2021seismic-crisis/current-activity.html

[jand]

19/11/2021 18:00h Canary Islands. - ERUPTION LA PALMA ISLAND. - DAY 62- 5.1 Earthquake, FOLLOWED THE LAVA COLADAS, THE FREATOMAGMATIC EXPLOSIONS AND ASH EMISSIONS IN THE CONO. THIS IS NOT OVER. -NEW MAGMA PULSE?. - The tremor has been the strongest and longest sense of all that has occurred. By chronicles they tell me that first they heard a whistle and then the tremor super loud and loud.. type "BROORORORORORO" as if they drag stones beneath the ground, possibly produced by the punch of the stones that break apart on the walls of magma pipes with the vibration of the Earthquake.

That the eruption is going to get longer, I have nothing to say, things have changed and as they would say in the Canary Islands, "the rabbit risks me to the dog "We have a new contribution of deep magma that we will have to go confirm in consecutive days and that now my we are all in the morning the duct system from deep reservoir to surface which would explain a lot of things.

The Earthquake has been recorded by all stations of the archipelago, marking up to a 6.3 in the Gomera and to which the IMP (Portugal Meteorological Institute) gives it an intensity of 4.6, it is undoubtedly the strongest and most energetic so far, of course you can not deny that we continue with the eruptive process. Mercalli's intensity must have been from V-VI judging by the comments. Even the Morocco network has reported it with an intensity of 3.8. The result is that they finally gave him a magnitude of 4.9 in the EMSC.

REVIEWED Earthquake:

es2021year 19/11/2021 01:08:47 28.5730 -17.8234 36.0 km
IV M 5.1 mbLg SW MARCH VILLA. ILP
EMSC DATA:

2021-11-19 01:09:30.1 29.61 N 14.03 W 3 ML 3.8 A CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN REGION CNRM
2021-11-19 01:08:47.4 28.57 N 17.83 W 37 ML 5.0 M: CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN REGION MAD
2021-11-19 01:08:47.0 28.57 N 17.88 W 33 ML 4.6 M CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN REGION IMP
2021-11-19 01:08:46.4 28.55 N 17.80 W 59 ML 4.9 A. CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN REGION MAD
2021-11-19 01:08:46.0 28.57 N 17.82 W 57 mb 5.5 A: CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN REGION MAD

EMSC
2021-11-19 01:08:45.8 28.59 N 17.83 W 40 f ML 4.9 M+ CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN REGION INFO

Plus we've had some of the 4 or more outstanding in the last few hours, the energy rate goes up again and what a way.

es2021 received 19/11/2021 12:02:25 28.6158 -17.7912 32.0 km
IV M 4.3 mbLg NW MAZO VILLA. ILP
es2021wqooq 19/11/2021 01:39:51 28.5493 -17.8523 34.4 Km IV M 4.0 mbLg N PALM POWERHOUSE. ILP

DEFORMATION: Yesterday I looked at the deformation and saw that there was a slight increase in almost all stations of the island, I did not know if it was a measurement error or was real, which meant a deep contribution and was the precedent of the 5.1 Earthquake that we have sleep. , but today indicates that the MAZO remains, Lp06 too and especially Lp03 in the conduit zone. This clearly indicates an increase in the magma pressure of the conduit and reservoir area to 10-12km for a deep input.

ASHENSIONS SHOW

https://twitter.com/i/status/1461396908711333898

HUMAN COLLEGE FIELD BY THE RAIN.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7D3EbydP82g

ACTIVE LAVA NECKLACE...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ckRPQpW7OY0

Still editing the post (Enrique)

[jand]

Not exactly, give me a little more time, sorting and watching the data and signals clearing isn't easy at all. Look at Volcanoofdiscovery.. most don't know where to shoot, but they agree on one thing, there's more magma on the way.. I translate a paragraph for you:. (Enrique)

"It is neither known nor easy to say what exactly causes such waves of lava." It could be the result of a temporary increase in magma supply or, in fact, also be caused by a decrease in the amount of lava entering the piping system, possibly caused by some obstacles or blockages in the bocs as deep, what forced you to part of it erupts on the surface in the upper mouths, but this is unknown. The volcanic quake remains similar to yesterday, but inflation has risen a bit again and totals about 9cm compared to pre-eruption levels at the station closest to the eruption, suggesting that it new magma has been accumulating below the surface (and yet to come). off).

[jand]

https://www.facebook.com/INVOLCAN/videos/425722579056419

[jand]

SEISMIC ENERGY RATE RELEASED:
Needless to say that many earthquakes are missing to locate at sight of what is seen on spectrograms and seismograms, which produces an analysis of the information that is more inaccurate, especially by the earthquakes that the tremor camouflages, even when one looks at the process during the last 30 days, it is observed that the volcanic system was relaxing after maximum activity, with 2 small ups, now we are going for the third up and it seems bigger. This doesn't seem to stop soon, look at the annual graph and how it's set with a slope that doesn't stop and with the recent earthquakes it catches up.... i'm sorry. (Enrique)

https://scontent-lcy1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/257388031_1446254365772526_560835489763285803_n.png?_nc_cat=103&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=dbeb18&_nc_ohc=WXoif6ePXm8AX_lBx-5&_nc_ht=scontent-lcy1-1.xx&oh=52b27e63592a68ca1ab7cb242e9cf253&oe=619CFFBD

[jand]

The earthquakes are continuing this morning .

4.6 mbLg   SW VILLA DE MAZO.ILP
2021/11/20 03:07:00  IV  Intensity
37


4.1 mbLg   N FUENCALIENTE DE LA PALMA.ILP
2021/11/20 06:42:48  IV   Intensity
9


3.6 mbLg   SW FUENCALIENTE DE LA PALMA.IL
2021/11/20 06:42:47   IV   Intensity
12

All the earthquakes can be viewed on the link below.



http://www.ign.es/web/resources/volcanologia/tproximos/canarias.html?fbclid=IwAR3GEqfr-AJg4p18QS_fWpPmSxss6-_xwEAQJjv-33JqoKCac_KxSOqQ0A8

[jand]

And more.

3.6 mbLg SW VILLA DE MAZO.ILP
2021/11/20 08:26:42
33


3.6 mbLg SW VILLA DE MAZO.ILP
2021/11/20 08:25:26
10


3.5 mbLg N FUENCALIENTE DE LA PALMA.ILP
2021/11/20 08:02:26III
9


3.3 mbLg SW VILLA DE MAZO.ILP
2021/11/20 07:44:47
10


http://www.ign.es/web/resources/volcanologia/tproximos/canarias.html?fbclid=IwAR3GEqfr-AJg4p18QS_fWpPmSxss6-_xwEAQJjv-33JqoKCac_KxSOqQ0A8

[jand]

Eruption at 9:12 a.m. Highlights emission of ash and steam. Seismic increases last hours.Mag.max.4.6. Warp rises in Jedey and the Southeast. To continue observing with caution.

https://twitter.com/VolcansCanarias/status/1461986697776877577

[jand]

Tremor rising again.


https://www.ign.es/web/resources/volcanologia/DATOS/2021/11/PA01/imagenes_sismica/DIA_SP/PA01_2021-11-20_sp_F2.jpg

[jand]

Thermographic video taken yesterday at 13.00 Canary time yesterday in Tacande.


https://www.facebook.com/INVOLCAN/videos/2912907648961367

[jand]

Video taken yesterday evening.

https://www.facebook.com/INVOLCAN/videos/425722579056419

[jand]

The human footprint left by the Lanzarote volcano in Fuerteventura
It is estimated that some 2,000 people had to take refuge in the Maxorata fleeing the volcanic eruptions of Timanfaya in Lanzarote


In June 1731 Luisa de Betancort, a neighbor of Masdache (Lanzarote) and widow of Captain Lorenzo de Ayala, said that, because of "the sands of the volcanoes", she had lost all her assets and those of her husband "so that with the poverty that has remained and the very long family with which she finds herself without any remedy forcing her to leave the island on Juan de Acosta's boat ". With no Money to embark, she asked to do it "in the way that is possible for her as a mother or guardian."

Their testimony, collected in a notarial protocol of the time, must have been similar to that of the thousands of Lanzarote residents who emigrated to other islands fleeing from the virulence of the volcano, which erupted from 1730 to 1736. About 2,000 emigrated to nearby Fuerteventura , many clandestinely.

On September 1, 1730, the volcano began to expel lava. No one should have imagined that this spectacle of nature would end up lasting six years and devastating villages, which were home to 25 percent of the population, around 2,000 people. El Chupadero, Chimanfaya, Tingafa, Santa Catalina, Mancha Blanca ...

Piers such as Janubio and, above all, extensive plains such as Vegas del Boiajo or Iguadén, which until then had helped to generate wealth and quell the hunger of its people, were left under the lava. They were the Todoque of the time.

The Canarian historian José de Viera y Clavijo summed up that catastrophe of nature describing it in this way: "The fire ran through the places of Tingafa, Mancha Blanca, Maretas, Santa Catalina ..., destroying them all and covering with its sands, lava, ashes and gravel from Asomada, Iñaguadén, Gerias, Macintafe, San Andrés ... The noise of those explosions was so loud that it could be heard in Tenerife, even though it was 40 leagues from Lanzarote ".

While the residents of La Palma have been waiting in suspense since last September 19 for the Cumbre Vieja volcano to give them a truce and they can return to "the new normal" that the passage of lava allows them, the historian Pedro Quintana Andrés explains how One of the direct consequences of the Timanfaya eruption was emigration to the islands of Gran Canaria, Tenerife and La Palma, with which Lanzarote had had commercial relations at other times, and especially to Fuerteventura.

It is estimated that around 2,000 people, some clandestinely, emigrated to Majorera lands. "They settle mainly in the north, in the La Oliva area, because many thought it was an eruption that was going to stop in a short time and they could soon return to their island," explains the researcher.

The archaeologist José de León has dedicated part of his life as a researcher to following the footprints that the Timanfaya volcano left on the landscape of Lanzarote and its people. From those hours of kicking through the buried villages and the registration in documents of the time, his doctoral thesis emerged: Lanzarote under the volcano. The reconstruction of the territory, the potential resources and the built infrastructure covered by the volcanic eruptions of the 18th century on the island of Lanzarote .

De León explains to Diario de Fuerteventura how, at first, the Lanzarote authorities prohibited its inhabitants from leaving "so as not to leave the island depopulated, for fear of attacks and invasions by pirates." To this was added the fear of the ruling classes that the exodus of the population would produce the disarticulation of their productive organization in the midst of the crisis.

Those who fled from Timanfaya settled, above all, in the north of the island

However, the volcanic eruption was "so strong that they came out clandestinely." And they did it towards Fuerteventura, where there had historically been a population transfer from one side of the La Bocaina Strait to the other.

Finally, popular pressure and that exerted by the Royal Audience of the Canary Islands allowed the neighborhood to leave for Fuerteventura. Later, there were migrations to America and even Madeira, where it seems that there was an organized evacuation.

Those displaced to Fuerteventura settled mainly in the north, near the island's ports for a possible return when the volcano fell asleep again. They began to live in La Oliva, Vallebrón, Villaverde, Los Lajares, Tetir, La Matilla ...

Some, faced with the job prospects that other parts of the Island presented or because friends and family settled there, ended up residing in places like Antigua, Betancuria or Pájara.

The archaeologist explains how, years before the eruption, there was a significant emigration of Majoreros to Lanzarote. With the outbreak of the volcano, they went en masse to Fuerteventura and repopulated or created other towns. Villages that hardly existed until that moment, such as La Caldereta, Piedra Hincada or Huriame, are listed as settlements at that time.

"All that area increases its population through the people who come from Lanzarote", assures the also inspector of Historical Heritage of the Cabildo de Gran Canaria.

Local "rejection"

On the other side of La Bocaina, in Fuerteventura, the arrival of an important contingent of people must have, at first, worried the island's authorities. Quintana Andrés clarifies that it is a population that arrives at an extreme moment with a situation that "provokes the rejection of a part of the population and of the institutions for not having enough elements to face the arrival of needy poor".

"Those who had economic possibilities due to their personal relationships with other rich people had the possibility of staying in a house", but possibly there were those who did not and, in the end, "all this was understood as a problem of public order," he explains.

In the end, the condition was for the immigrants to move with belongings and grain, the only way to avoid possible altercations and uncontrolled riots with the island's neighbors, punished by misery and now joined by a wandering and frightened population.

Many of the Lanzaroteños embarked with all their livestock on their backs

An act of the Cabildo Majorero collects in 1732, in a verbatim way, how "families and cattle pass by, which are already quasi in number, as well as the neighbors as well as those who have won, as well as the own of this island of whose concurrence it is expected that if next year is absent God forbid, a great fatality is expected "(sic).

The emigrants, as cited by De León and Quintana Andrés in their article Incidences on forced emigration in the Canary Islands: Lanzaroteños in Fuerteventura between 1725-174 0, "were also exposed to the arbitrariness of the owners, merchants and skippers of ships who saw in this displacement a source of notable income, thanks to the introduction of abusive prices in the sale of supplies and in transport ".


One of the people who fled to Fuerteventura to protect themselves from the virulence of the volcano was the landowner Bernabé Gutiérrez with a house and bakery in Mancha Blanca and properties in Chimanfaya. After the cessation of the eruption, Bernabé would end up returning to Lanzarote around 1740. Some had to travel with a change of clothes, a spoon and a wooden plate. Others with their belongings and Money.

Quintana Andrés, after years consulting archives, explains that "there were people who traveled with capital. We have come across cases of people in Lanzarote who sold their land to their neighbors three days before the volcano took them away ".

Upon their arrival in Fuerteventura, those who had capital had to buy land or houses, substitutes for everything that the volcano took away. Most of them settled on the island momentarily, although there were some who, after losing everything in Lanzarote, decided to take Fuerteventura as their residence until the end of their days. "On the island, they continued doing the work they did in Lanzarote, which was cereal or caring for livestock," says the researcher.

Volcano and births

In the boats that left Lanzarote for Fuerteventura, ranchers traveled who, desperately, loaded their cattle onto the boat. In 1732, the island's authorities commissioned a bait, "there are many unmarked and mostly now with the amount that have been transported from the island of Lanzarote, which do not have marks to recognize their owners", so "It is agreed that the corresponding arrangements are made and the rights are charged for those collected."

The authorities were concerned about the increase in population

The arrival of Lanzarote residents would soon have its consequences on the island's population statistics, especially in La Oliva. Pedro Quintana Andrés has studied the parish archives of La Oliva. According to the data provided by the baptism books, it is observed that the number of baptized in the period between 1725 and 1740 experienced a spectacular rise from the year 1731, date that coincides with the beginning of the volcanic eruption.

"The birth movement was closely linked to the volcanological process. Thus, a recrudescence of this produced a displacement of the affected population and a subsidence of the volcano generated a return of the displaced ", he points out.

In this way, in 1731 76 baptisms were registered and the following year 104 of which 32 percent were of children whose parents, or at least one of them, were neighbors of Lanzarote. Another of the municipalities in which the people of Lanzarote settle is Betancuria, where that year there is an increase in baptisms until reaching 21.


https://www.diariodelanzarote.com/sites/default/files/archivos/2015/Noviembre%202015/201121-timanfaya980654.jpg


https://www.diariodelanzarote.com/noticia/la-huella-humana-que-dej%C3%B3-el-volc%C3%A1n-de-lanzarote-en-fuerteventura?fbclid=IwAR25M0N3Jlh2lyzcfsbLY6JMLa7tRkD0pnXqpEvJaydfiV3hBJanTsYkgsU

[jand]

La Palma volcano eruption rises to level 3
This does not mean that there is greater explosiveness or that there is any variation in the strombolian mechanism of the natural phenomenon.

The Scientific Committee has reassessed the magnitude of the eruption of the La Palma volcano , which has gone from a value of two (out of a total of eight) to three, without this implying that there is greater explosiveness or that there is any variation in the mechanism strombolian of the natural phenomenon.

At a press conference, the IGN volcanologist, Carmen López, recalled that the magnitude can be established on a scale from zero to eight that is calculated from the volume of pyroclastic material emitted.

"Given that 10 million cubic meters of emitted pyroclastic material have been exceeded," he said, "it goes from value two to value three, and it does not imply that the eruptive mechanism has changed, which is still strombolian effusive fissure".

Likewise, he stressed that there is no change in the explosiveness of the eruption, which remains with the same characteristics as during the entire process.


https://diariodeavisos.elespanol.com/2021/11/la-erupcion-del-volcan-de-la-palma-sube-a-nivel-3/?utm_source=webpushr&utm_medium=push&utm_campaign=589661

[jand]

The eruption passes to VEI-3, as our experts announced days ago. The large quantity of fallen ash clearly indicated the passage to this level, after a reassessment by the PEVOLCA committee. The VEI-3 does not indicate that the rash is getting worse or that its behavior changes.


https://twitter.com/involcan/status/1462074882594906112